{"id":68,"date":"2014-05-06T14:31:13","date_gmt":"2014-05-06T13:31:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bernardvanbaalen.wordpress.com\/?page_id=68"},"modified":"2014-05-06T14:31:13","modified_gmt":"2014-05-06T13:31:13","slug":"la-philosophie-explique-le-monde-autrement-que-la-religion","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/bernardvanbaalen.com\/?page_id=68","title":{"rendered":"La philosophie explique le monde autrement que la religion"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"margin-bottom:0;font-style:normal;\">Il est int\u00e9ressant de constater que vers le 3e si\u00e8cle avant JC se d\u00e9veloppent des courants philosophiques qui cherchent dans une m\u00eame direction \u00e0 expliquer le monde et son \u00e9volution en parall\u00e8le \u2013 voir en opposition \u2013 avec les explications mythologiques qui manifestement ne r\u00e9pondent pas aux questions fondamentales\u00a0: Qui suis-je, o\u00f9 vais-je, et dans quelle \u00e9tag\u00e8re me ranger quand je me met \u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir\u00a0?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0;font-style:normal;\">Depuis qu&rsquo;Alexandre le Grand \u00e0 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 son empire, en particulier en Asie Mineure, les id\u00e9es se r\u00e9pandent entre les intellectuels qui se mettent aussi \u00e0 voyager pour conna\u00eetre et reconna\u00eetre ce qui s&rsquo;approche de la v\u00e9rit\u00e9\u00a0: L&rsquo;\u00eatre et l&rsquo;apparence, les particules et les atomes, la fin des choses et des vies, l&rsquo;origine du monde &#8230; l\u00e0 on s&rsquo;en tient g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e0 une divinit\u00e9 assez pratique comme \u00ab\u00a0cr\u00e9ateur\u00a0\u00bb, pratiquement jusqu&rsquo;au Big Bang du XXe si\u00e8cle\u00a0!<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0;font-style:normal;\">C&rsquo;est \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9poque des Ptol\u00e9m\u00e9es en Egypte, que Qoh\u00e9let est rassembl\u00e9 par l&rsquo;Eccl\u00e9siaste.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0;font-style:normal;\">Ses propos ressemblent assez aux th\u00e9ories des sto\u00efciens, des \u00e9picuriens, des sceptiques &#8230; ne privil\u00e9giant aucun, mais s&rsquo;inspirant de tous, si nous admettons que lui aussi avait acc\u00e8s \u00e0 ces intellectuels qui tentent de se d\u00e9partir des pr\u00eatres et des mythologies qui ont leurs fonctions symboliques certes, mais pas scientifiques, m\u00eame si cela aide \u00e0 vivre\u00a0!<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0;font-style:normal;\">Jean Jacques Wahl, traducteur juif de l&rsquo;Eccl\u00e9siaste en 2012, sugg\u00e8re qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un texte d&rsquo;opposition \u00e0 la gnose, qui se r\u00e9pandait aussi \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9poque\u00a0: Des \u00ab\u00a0initi\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb qui partageaient des \u00ab\u00a0secrets\u00a0\u00bb sens\u00e9s ouvrir des portes vers l&rsquo;insondable pour le commun des mortels. Une mani\u00e8re de prendre le pouvoir sur les consciences. Il est tout \u00e0 l&rsquo;honneur des ces philosophes d&rsquo;en d\u00e9noncer les pratiques par l&rsquo;exercice intellectuel de la r\u00e9flexion sur la r\u00e9alit\u00e9, et le concret de l&rsquo;exp\u00e9rience humaine \u00e0 disposition de tous.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0;font-style:normal;\"><b>Descartes<\/b> dit <b>\u00ab\u00a0Je pense donc je suis\u00a0\u00bb<\/b>&#8230; <i>et non pas <\/i><i><b>\u00ab\u00a0Je crois donc j&rsquo;ob\u00e9is\u00a0\u00bb<\/b><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0;font-style:normal;\">Au XXe si\u00e8cle les tenants de l&rsquo;existentialisme comme <b>Jean Paul Sartre<\/b> et \/ou <b>Albert Camus<\/b> &#8211; avec qui il n&rsquo;\u00e9tait pas d&rsquo;accord &#8211; relevaient \u00e9galement qu&rsquo;il n&rsquo;y avait pas grand chose de nouveau du c\u00f4t\u00e9 des humains et de leur comportement, mais qu&rsquo;on pouvait tenter de faire au mieux, si on ne faisait pas trop mal\u00a0!<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0;font-style:normal;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><b>L&rsquo;<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u00c9crivain\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><span style=\"background:#ffffff;\">\u00e9crivain<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><span style=\"background:#ffffff;\">grec <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><b>N\u00edkos<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><b> Kazantz\u00e1kis<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\">n\u00e9 \u00e0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/H\u00e9raklion\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><span style=\"background:#ffffff;\">H\u00e9raklion<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"> en<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1883\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><span style=\"background:#ffffff;\">1883<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\">et d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 en<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1957\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><span style=\"background:#ffffff;\">1957<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\">\u00e0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fribourg-en-Brisgau\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><span style=\"background:#ffffff;\">Fribourg-en-Brisgau<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"> est l&rsquo;auteur de \u00ab\u00a0Zorba le grec\u00a0\u00bb, du \u00ab\u00a0Christ recrucifi\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb. Penseur influenc\u00e9 par\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Friedrich_Nietzsche\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><span style=\"background:#ffffff;\">Nietzsche<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\">et\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bergson\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><span style=\"background:#ffffff;\">Bergson<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\">, il a \u00e9galement adh\u00e9r\u00e9 au marxisme et au bouddhisme, tout en \u00e9tant profond\u00e9ment chr\u00e9tien.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"> L&rsquo;\u00e9pitaphe de sa tombe\u00a0: <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, FreeSans, Garuda, Helvetica, Bitstream Vera Sans, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><b>\u00ab\u00a0Je ne\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.evene.fr\/citations\/mot.php?mot=crains\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, FreeSans, Garuda, Helvetica, Bitstream Vera Sans, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><b>crains<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, FreeSans, Garuda, Helvetica, Bitstream Vera Sans, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.evene.fr\/citations\/mot.php?mot=rien\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, FreeSans, Garuda, Helvetica, Bitstream Vera Sans, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><b>rien<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, FreeSans, Garuda, Helvetica, Bitstream Vera Sans, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><b>. Je n&rsquo;<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.evene.fr\/citations\/mot.php?mot=espere\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, FreeSans, Garuda, Helvetica, Bitstream Vera Sans, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><b>esp\u00e8re<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, FreeSans, Garuda, Helvetica, Bitstream Vera Sans, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.evene.fr\/citations\/mot.php?mot=rien\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, FreeSans, Garuda, Helvetica, Bitstream Vera Sans, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><b>rien<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, FreeSans, Garuda, Helvetica, Bitstream Vera Sans, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><b>. Je suis\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.evene.fr\/citations\/mot.php?mot=libre\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, FreeSans, Garuda, Helvetica, Bitstream Vera Sans, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><b>libre<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, FreeSans, Garuda, Helvetica, Bitstream Vera Sans, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><b>. \u00bb <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><span style=\"font-family:Arial, FreeSans, Garuda, Helvetica, Bitstream Vera Sans, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:small;\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\">n&rsquo;est pas loin de Qoh\u00e9let.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Il est int\u00e9ressant de constater que vers le 3e si\u00e8cle avant JC se d\u00e9veloppent des courants philosophiques qui cherchent dans une m\u00eame direction \u00e0 expliquer le monde et son \u00e9volution en parall\u00e8le \u2013 voir en opposition \u2013 avec les explications mythologiques qui manifestement ne r\u00e9pondent pas aux questions fondamentales\u00a0: Qui suis-je, o\u00f9 vais-je, et dans [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":30,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-68","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bernardvanbaalen.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/68","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bernardvanbaalen.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bernardvanbaalen.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bernardvanbaalen.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bernardvanbaalen.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=68"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bernardvanbaalen.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/68\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bernardvanbaalen.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/30"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bernardvanbaalen.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=68"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}